Naan | Description, History, Ingredients, Preparation, & Varieties (2024)

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Jennifer Murtoff Jennifer Murtoff is a bilingual English-Spanish publishing professional with a master’s degree in Hispanic linguistics.

Jennifer Murtoff

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naan, teardrop-shaped, leavened flatbread traditionally baked in a tandoor oven (a beehive-shaped clay oven) or on wood charcoal. Although still a staple of South Asian and Middle Eastern cuisines—and especially associated with Indian cuisine—the versatility and flavor of naan have led to its incorporation into many different dishes and cuisines worldwide.

Ingredients and preparation

Naan is a single-layer bread with a light and slightly fluffy texture and golden-brown spots from the baking process. It is made primarily from white flour or wheat flour and a leavening agent (usually yeast), which results in the formation of air pockets in the dough that impart fluffiness and softness. Other ingredients used to make naan include warm water, salt, ghee (clarified butter), and yogurt. In some cases, milk, egg, or honey may be added, and baking powder or baking soda may be substituted for yeast, which shortens the amount of time needed to prepare the bread.

When baked in a tandoor, balls of naan dough are rolled flat and then pressed against the inside walls of the tandoor, which can reach a temperature of 480 °C (900 °F). The bread bakes in just several minutes, browning in spots from the heat. Naan also can be made on a stovetop on a flat pan called a tawa, with the baker flipping the pan upside down over the flame to achieve the characteristic browning of the bread’s surface.

Once naan is baked, it usually is brushed with ghee or butter and served hot. The soft, flexible bread often accompanies the main meal and serves in place of utensils to scoop dahls, sauces, stews, and curries. It is also eaten with dry dishes, such as tandoori chicken.

Varieties

There are different varieties of naan, some of which are filled. To make filled naan, during preparation, the ball of dough is rolled flat, and the baker places the filling in the middle. The dough is then folded and carefully rolled flat again, with the filling in the center. Among the varieties of filled naan are: keema naan, which contains spiced lamb; Peshawari naan, which is sweet, being filled with combinations of coconut, raisins, sultanas, and nuts; Kashmiri naan, which uses candied cherries, golden raisins, almonds, cumin, and fenugreek; aloo naan, which contains spiced mashed potatoes; garlic naan, which has garlic pressed into the bread’s surface or mixed into the dough; and nan-e roghani, which is an Afghan naan prepared with nigella seeds, sesame seeds, and extra oil for a soft, pillowy texture.

History

The history of flatbreads extends back thousands of years to the civilizations of Mesopotamia, ancient Egypt, and the Indus valley. The word naan comes from the Persian nân-e sangak, meaning “bread baked on [hot] pebbles.” In 1300 ce, Indian poet Amīr Khosrow documented two kinds of naan: naan-e-tunuk (light or thin bread) and naan-e-tanuri (bread cooked in a tandoor oven).

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Due to the lengthy process of making a leavened bread, naan historically was available primarily to royalty. The breads, accompanied with kebabs and keema (minced-beef curry), became popular among the Mughal nobility in the 1500s. About 1799, the word naan was introduced into the English language by historian and clergyman William Tooke. Today, naan can be found worldwide in restaurants serving South Asian and Middle Eastern cuisine, and it is available in many supermarkets. Fusion cuisine has introduced new dishes that incorporate naan, including naan pizza and naan tacos and even huevos rancheros (an egg dish) served over naan.

Jennifer Murtoff

Naan | Description, History, Ingredients, Preparation, & Varieties (2024)

FAQs

What is the history of naan? ›

originating from over 2,500 years ago, naan, today identified as a leavened indian flatbread, traces its history back to old iran or persia, where the word “naan” referred to bread baked on hot pebbles.

What is traditional naan made from? ›

6 Answers. Naan traditionally is plain flat bread made using bread flour, Yeast, salt and water. Its cooked in tandoor.

What is the difference between Afghan naan and Indian naan? ›

Afghan naan is different in shape, texture, and taste from Indian varieties. While the main ingredient – wheat flour – is the same, Afghan bakers hand-shape the dough, rather than rolling it out, and their use of a tandoor results in large, pillowy rounds.

What race eats naan? ›

Although still a staple of South Asian and Middle Eastern cuisines—and especially associated with Indian cuisine—the versatility and flavor of naan have led to its incorporation into many different dishes and cuisines worldwide.

What are some fun facts about naan? ›

Naan is a plusher leavened flatbread compared to dosai. According to TasteAtlas, it traces back to being originally cooked as a naan e-tunuk (light bread) or naan-e-tanuri (thicker bread) in a tandoor oven. Today, naan is widely consumed across cultures in the wider Carribean region as well.

Is naan a junk food? ›

The bottom line

Naan, while nutritious, cannot be a cure-all for a diet that's high in processed sugars and fats and low in nutrients. You can use naan as a vehicle for nutritious foods, like vegetables and legumes. Pair whole wheat naan with beans, lentils, chickpeas, and peas as many dishes do in Indian cuisine.

Is naan healthy or unhealthy? ›

Naan bread can be part of a healthy diet, especially if you choose whole grain varieties. Naan bread contains vitamins and minerals like niacin, fiber, and iron, as well as fiber. It also is a good source of carbohydrates, which provide energy.

Can I use milk instead of yogurt in naan bread? ›

2% milk works well, but I do not recommend using fat-free or skim milk. Full-fat Greek yogurt. The full-fat dairy in this naan recipe gives it a soft texture and rich taste.

What is the most popular naan? ›

Some of the most popular flavoured variations are plain naan, Peshwari naan, garlic and coriander naan and cheese naan.

What is special about naan? ›

It resembles pita bread but unlike pita, it has yogurt, milk, sometimes eggs or butter which makes it softer than the pita bread. Our bakers shape it into a ball and slap it on the walls of our tandoor (clay oven). Traditional Naan consists of flour, salt, yeast and yogurt to make a smooth and elastic dough.

What is another name for naan? ›

Naan
Alternative namesNan, Noon, Paan, Faan
Region or stateIran, Indian subcontinent, Afghanistan, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, and the Caribbean
Main ingredientsFlour, yeast, salt, sugar, ghee, water
Cookbook: Naan Media: Naan
1 more row

What bread is closest to naan? ›

Kulcha. This next bread is often confused with naan due to its similar appearance. While naan is usually made with yeast and yogurt or milk, kulcha is usually made with baking powder and baking soda.

What is a healthy alternative to naan? ›

Lo-Dough is much more than an alternative to bread (or naan, in this case), it's a low carb bread and pastry alternative which can be used in a number of different ways. One of the most. It's an Asian classic that could be a superb Friday night feast, only without the calories and carbs.

What is naan traditionally made in? ›

Naan is a soft, pillowy flatbread traditionally baked in a tandoor. This cylindrical clay or metal oven, prevalent in restaurant kitchens across the Indian subcontinent, the Middle East, and Central Asia, reaches scorching temperatures, imparting a distinct smoky flavor to foods.

Why is naan important to Indian culture? ›

Originally, naan was developed after the arrival of yeast in India from Egypt. During India's Mughal era in the 1520s, Naan was a delicacy that only nobles and royal families enjoyed because the art of making Naan was a revered skill, known by few.

Is naan bread Indian or Arabic? ›

Usually softer, naan originates in India, by way of Persia. The name comes from the Persian word, non, for bread. Unlike pita, naan has yogurt, milk, and sometimes eggs or butter in it, resulting in a softer texture.

What came first, naan or pita? ›

Origins of pita bread

An older bread than naan, pita originated in the Middle East some 4,000 years ago. Pita is a Greek word that can be translated to mean bread or pie. Over time, pita spread to the wheat-eating regions of Europe, Asia, and Africa.

Is naan bread healthy? ›

While it may contain more carbs and sugars, it earns its reputation as a healthy alternative with its relatively generous amounts of protein and fiber. Despite its high carb content, naan can be considered a more nutrient-dense alternative to white bread and pita.

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